How do I choose the correct WiFi antenna?
When deploying and installing a WiFi antenna must consider the placement, range and mobility.
The two main types of WIFI antennas are Omni-directional (such as Magnetic Mount WiFi Antenna or Rubber Duck WiFi antenna) and directional (such as a Yagi or Grid WiFi antenna). Omni-directional antennas radiate RF signal in 360 degree pattern and directional antennas emit the RF signal in focused beam similar to the headlight of a car. If your application is a point to point WiFi link like from one building to another you would use the Directional antenna. If you need to send the WiFi signal 360 degrees then you would select the Omni directional antenna. If you have a point to multi point application, such as a campus environment then you would use a combination of Omni directional and Directional antennas. When selecting an antenna, pay attention to whether the connector of the antenna matches the connector of the connected device. General WIFI antenna with SMA and TNC connector are mainly used on the router.
The diagram below outlines directional and Omni directional WiFi antenna applications :
Diagram of Directional WiFi Antenna Application
Diagram of Omni-Directional WiFi Antenna Application
What is antenna gain and how to choose?
Antenna gain is a relative measure of an antennas ability to direct or concentrate radio frequency energy in a particular direction or pattern. The gain of antenna is typically measured in dBi
When you are choosing an antenna, consider the gain if it’s available, and all of its other characteristics as well. Buying an antenna only based on gain and price would be like shopping an automobile only considering power and price. While high gain - in the 7dBi to 12dBi range - are usually better than low gain, However you would be better not only focusing on the gain, instead choosing an antenna that provides good overall performance, as long as it meets your reception and installation requirements.
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